Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 20, 2026

HKUST-1 as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Synthesis of Vanillin
Published on: July 23, 2016
Authentication of the origin of vanillin using quantitative natural abundance 13C NMR
Eve J Tenailleau1, Pierre Lancelin, Richard J Robins
1LAIEM, CNRS UMR 6006, Faculté des Sciences, Université de NANTES, 2 rue de la Houssinière, B.P. 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France. eve.tenailleau@chimbio.univ-nantes.fr
Abstract:
The use of 13C isotopic distribution as an efficient means to determine the origin of vanillin has been substantiated. Using quantitative 13C NMR, the 13C/12C ratios at all eight carbon positions can be exploited. On a set of 21 samples of vanillin from five different origins, complete discrimination can be achieved. It is shown that, for many purposes, a rapid analysis in which only five sites are used is sufficient. However, improved discrimination using all eight sites is preferable to differentiate between different methods of production from natural ferulic acid or between natural and lignin-derived vanillin on the basis of the 13C/12C ratios characteristic of different origins. The C1 and C8 positions are demonstrated to be the most significant sites for discrimination using principle component analysis. However, aromatic carbon positions make an essential contribution, notably in differentiating between natural and lignin-derived vanillin.
Related Concept Videos
¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling
A broadband decoupling technique is used to simplify these complex, sometimes overlapping, signals. Broadband decoupling relies on a...
Carbon-13 (¹³C) NMR: Overview
¹H NMR Signal Integration: Overview
NMR Spectroscopy of Aromatic Compounds
Chemical Shift: Internal References and Solvent Effects
The internal reference compound generally used in NMR spectroscopy is tetramethylsilane (TMS). TMS is preferred because it is chemically inert, soluble in NMR solvents, and easily removable. Also, the highly shielded methyl protons in TMS yield an intense...
Mass Spectrum: Interpretation
