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Updated: Aug 20, 2026

Biomechanical Changes Related to Low Back Pain: An Innovative Tool for Movement Pattern Assessment and Treatment Evaluation in Rehabilitation
Published on: December 13, 2024
[Risk factors for back pain in children and adolescents]
A Roth-Isigkeit1, J Schwarzenberger, W Baumeier
1Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck. isigkeit@uni-luebeck.de
Abstract:
Factors that have led to the increasing prevalence of back pain amongst children and adolescents living in industrialized nations are mostly unknown. The following literature review was aimed at determining the risk factors for back pain amongst children and adolescents. We searched both PUBMED and MEDLINE between the years 1985 and 2003 for the keywords "children or adolescents" and "back pain". Only data published in original articles were used. The risk for suffering back pain is influenced by physical, behavioural, emotional and social factors. The effects of physical activity, sitting, muscle status, weight of schoolbags, exercise, television and computer use, as well as age and gender on the development of back pain in children and adolescents were examined. Associations between continuous or recurring back pain and psychosocial factors (lifestyle, emotional factors, social relationships) could be demonstrated. There was no relationship between changes of the spine seen by radiological tests and the development of chronic back pain. Longitudinal epidemiological studies are urgently needed to delineate the risk factors for the development as well as the natural history of chronic back pain in the young.
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