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Related Experiment Videos

Refractive error in premature infants.

Yokrat Ton1, Yigal S Wysenbeek, Abraham Spierer

  • 1Sapir Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Meir Hospital, Kefar Sava, affiliated with the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel. barakton@013.net.il

Journal of AAPOS : the Official Publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
|December 24, 2004
PubMed
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Refractive errors are common in premature infants, affecting 89% within six months. Hyperopia is the most frequent type, and the error increases with age but is not linked to birth weight or gestational age.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatric Ophthalmology
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Refractive errors in infancy can impact visual development.
  • Premature infants are a population at risk for visual impairments.
  • Understanding refractive error progression in early life is crucial for timely intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence and degree of refractive error in premature infants (2 weeks to 6 months) without retinopathy of prematurity.
  • To investigate correlations between refractive error and age at examination, birth weight, and gestational age.

Main Methods:

  • An observational, cross-sectional study involving 390 premature infants.
  • Cycloplegic retinoscopy was used to measure eye refraction.
  • Perinatal variables were analyzed for correlation with refractive error.

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Main Results:

  • 89% of infants exhibited refractive errors; 11% were emmetropic.
  • Hyperopia was prevalent (76.8%), myopia (11.9%), and astigmatism (24.4%).
  • Refractive error positively correlated with age at examination (P = 0.001) but not with birth weight or gestational age.

Conclusions:

  • The high incidence of refractive error (89%) in premature infants necessitates regular eye screening.
  • Hyperopia is the predominant refractive error in this cohort.
  • Age at examination is a significant factor in refractive error development, unlike birth weight or gestational age.