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Updated: Jul 5, 2026
A Method to Estimate Cadaveric Femur Cortical Strains During Fracture Testing Using Digital Image Correlation
Published on: September 14, 2017
Assessment of fracture risk
John A Kanis1, Frederik Borgstrom, Chris De Laet
1Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases (WHO Collaborating Centre), University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK. w.j.pontefract@sheffield.ac.uk
Abstract:
The diagnosis of osteoporosis is based on the measurement of bone mineral density (BMD). There are a number of clinical risk factors that provide information on fracture risk over and above that given by BMD. The assessment of fracture risk thus needs to be distinguished from diagnosis to take account of the independent value of the clinical risk factors. These include age, a prior fragility fracture, a parental history of hip fracture, smoking, use of systemic corticosteroids, excess alcohol intake and rheumatoid arthritis. The independent contribution of these risk factors can be integrated by the calculation of fracture probability with or without the use of BMD. Treatment can then be offered to those identified to have a fracture probability greater than an intervention threshold.
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