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Related Experiment Videos

Hematological parameters are altered during cold air exposure.

M M D'Alesandro1, H L Reed, A Lopez

  • 1Thermal Stress Adaptation Program, Naval Medical Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.

Arctic Medical Research
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Repeated cold air exposure decreases hematocrit (HCT) and red blood cell (RBC) counts, while increasing plasma volume (PV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). These hematological changes appear to be adaptive responses to cold stress.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Physiology
  • Hematology
  • Human Adaptation

Background:

  • Whole blood hematocrit (HCT) is known to decrease with repeated cold air exposure.
  • Understanding the hematological profile changes during cold stress is crucial for physiological adaptation studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hematological profile changes in men repeatedly exposed to cold air.
  • To determine if these changes represent an adaptive response to cold stress.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments were conducted: a cold air acclimatization (CAA) study with 16 men and an extended arctic operations (EAO) study with 9 military volunteers.
  • Blood samples were analyzed for hematocrit (HCT), erythrocyte counts (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), leukocyte counts (WBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and plasma volume (PV).

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  • In the CAA study, participants were exposed to 4°C air for 30 minutes, with some receiving triiodothyronine (T3).

    • Main Results:

    • Both CAA and EAO protocols showed significant decreases in HCT and RBC (p<0.05 and p<0.02, respectively).
    • Significant increases in MCHC and PV were observed in both experiments (p<0.05 and p<0.02, respectively).
    • Hb, WBC, and MCV remained unchanged. A negative correlation between HCT and reticulocyte count was noted in the EAO study.

    Conclusions:

    • Repeated cold air exposure induces adaptive hematological changes, including decreased HCT and RBC, and increased MCHC and PV.
    • These findings suggest a consistent physiological response to both induced and natural cold stress.
    • The observed hematological shifts may play a role in the body's adaptation to cold environments.