Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 20, 2026

Transcutaneous Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation for Treating Varicocele-Induced Scrotal Pain
Published on: August 30, 2024
[Medical and surgical treatment of varicocele]
Venancio Chantoda Abal1, Dolores Rey Fraga, Marcelino González Martín
1Unidad de Andrología, Servicio de Urología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Juan Canalejo, A Coruña, España. vchantada@canalejo.org
Objectives:
Varicocele is a dilation of the pampiniform venous plexus in the spermatic cord. It appears in 15% approximately of general population males. It is the most commonly identifiable, surgically treatable lesion associated with male infertility. The surgical treatment of varicocele, either unilateral or bilateral, has demonstrated a significant improvement in seminal parameters at least in two-thirds of affected males, and 30% to 60% pregnancy rates. There are many controversies about the indication of surgical treatment, more popular than percutaneous embolization, because several series have not demonstrated clear benefit; nevertheless, most authors support surgery, because its low morbidity, it is easy to perform, has a rapid adaptation process, and improves seminal parameters in most cases, or at least prevents their progressive impairment observed when surgery is not performed.
Related Concept Videos
Varicose Veins II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care
Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol abuse, or...
Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management
Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care
Varicose Veins I: Introduction
Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management

