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Updated: Jul 29, 2026

Using Chronic Social Stress to Model Postpartum Depression in Lactating Rodents
Published on: June 10, 2013
A longitudinal study of maternal depressive symptoms, negative expectations and perceptions of child problems
Ilona Luoma1, Pälvi Kaukonen, Mirjami Mäntymaa
1Department of Child Psychiatry, Tampere University Hospital, University of Tampere, Medical School. ilona.luoma@uta.fi
Abstract:
The aim of this longitudinal study was to examine the associations between maternal depressive symptoms and perceptions of children's problems. One hundred and nineteen mother-child dyads were followed from the third trimester of pregnancy for almost 10 years. Depressive symptoms and background factors of the mothers and the anticipated/perceived problems of their firstborn were assessed prenatally, postnatally, and when the child was 4-5 years and 8-9 years old. The simultaneous and long-term associations between maternal depressive symptoms and child's problems were examined. Maternal prenatal depressive symptoms, the continuity of negative expectations to postnatal problem perceptions, and high problem level at 4-5 years of child's age predicted high problem level in 8-9-year-olds.
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