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Related Concept Videos

Hand hygiene01:23

Hand hygiene

Asepsis is the practice of preventing or breaking the chain of infection. The nurse employs aseptic techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms and reduce the risk of diseases. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of aseptic techniques and is classified into medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis includes hand hygiene and the use of gloves. Surgical asepsis, or the sterile technique, refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free of microorganisms.
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Cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization are the methods that help to break the infection chain and prevent disease.
Cleaning
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Methods of Sterilization II: Chemical Methods

In healthcare, the chemical method of sterilization uses chemical sterilants to treat surgical instruments and medical supplies to help prevent the transmission of infectious pathogens to patients. Due to heat sensitivity, most medical supplies and equipment should not be exposed to high temperatures. These parts include rubber, plastic, glass, and other similar elements.
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An Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a diagnostic procedure in which an endoscopist uses a flexible, lighted endoscope to visualize the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The procedure includes visualizing the oropharynx, esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine, the duodenum.
During an EGD, the endoscope can be used to:
Good Manufacturing Practices01:26

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Current GI endoscope disinfection and QA practices.

Frank M Moses1, Jennifer S Lee

  • 1Gastroenterology Service, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC 20307-5001, USA. Frank.Moses@NA.AMEDD.ARMY.MIL

Digestive Diseases and Sciences
|January 5, 2005
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High-level disinfection (HLD) of gastrointestinal endoscopes shows significant practice variations, particularly in manual cleaning and disinfection timing. While infection control and quality assurance programs are common, objective monitoring of reprocessing effectiveness remains infrequent, despite rare reports of procedure-related infections.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Infection Control
  • Medical Device Reprocessing

Background:

  • High-level disinfection (HLD) is crucial for gastrointestinal (GI) endoscope safety.
  • Breakdowns in reprocessing procedures are linked to endoscope contamination.
  • Current methods for verifying HLD adequacy and quality assurance (QA) practices are not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess current practices in GI endoscope cleaning, HLD, maintenance, and QA.
  • To identify variations in reprocessing procedures across regional endoscopy centers.
  • To evaluate the implementation of infection control (IC) and QA programs in GI endoscopy units.

Main Methods:

  • An anonymous multiple-choice questionnaire was distributed to 367 Society of Gastroenterology Nurses and Associates (SGNA) members in the Mid-Atlantic region.
  • The survey focused on endoscope cleaning, HLD protocols, maintenance, and QA practices.
  • Data from 230 (63%) respondents representing hospital-based endoscopy centers were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Significant variations were observed in manual cleaning steps, including brush use and channel brushing frequency.
  • Disinfection soaking times also showed wide variation, with a majority using 10-30 minutes with 70% glutaraldehyde.
  • While 98% of units had QA programs and 67% had IC services, only 17% used endoscope culturing for monitoring, and positive cultures were rare.

Conclusions:

  • Wide variations in GI endoscope reprocessing, especially manual cleaning and disinfection duration, persist despite established guidelines.
  • The infrequent use of objective monitoring methods like culturing limits the assessment of effective disinfection.
  • While IC services and QA programs are prevalent, their effectiveness in ensuring consistent, high-quality reprocessing needs further investigation.