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Updated: Aug 20, 2026

Dual DNA Rulers to Study the Mechanism of Ribosome Translocation with Single-Nucleotide Resolution
Published on: July 8, 2019
An extended signal involved in eukaryotic -1 frameshifting operates through modification of the E site tRNA
Michaël Bekaert1, Jean-Pierre Rousset
1Institut de Génétique et Microbiologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Unité Mixte de Recherche 8621, Bâtiment 400, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France.
Abstract:
By using a sensitive search program based on hidden Markov models (HMM), we identified 74 viruses carrying frameshift sites among 1500 fully sequenced virus genomes. These viruses are clustered in specific families or genera. Sequence analysis of the frameshift sites identified here, along with previously characterized sites, identified a strong bias toward the two nucleotides 5' of the shifty heptamer signal. Functional analysis in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae demonstrated that high frameshifting efficiency is correlated with the presence of a Psi39 modification in the tRNA present in the E site of the ribosome at the time of frameshifting. These results demonstrate that an extended signal is involved in eukaryotic frameshifting and suggest additional interactions between tRNAs and the ribosome during decoding.
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