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Updated: Aug 10, 2026

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Probe-based Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy of the Urinary Tract: The Technique
Published on: January 10, 2013
Fistula injury to the bladder at repeat cone biopsy by laser
1Stobhill General Hospital, Glasgow, U.K.
European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology
|February 28, 1992
Abstract:
A 33-year-old woman underwent repeat cone biopsy of the cervix with a carbon dioxide (CO2) laser. At operation the laser caused multiple full thickness fenestrations of the bladder, creating multiple small vesico-vaginal fistulae. The cone biopsy was completed and the fistulae were converted into a single defect which was immediately repaired. The patient went home 'dry'. We believe this is the first such report in the English-language literature.

