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Characteristics of successful early intervention programs.

Jeffrey T Mitchell1

  • 1Emergency Health Services Department, University of Maryland, Baltimore 21250, USA. jmitch@umbc.edu

International Journal of Emergency Mental Health
|January 8, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Numerous titles describe crisis intervention programs, causing confusion. This article clarifies key characteristics of effective critical incident stress management (CISM) programs to ensure proper support during crises.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Emergency Management
  • Organizational Behavior

Background:

  • Diverse terminology for crisis intervention programs leads to confusion.
  • Existing program titles may not accurately reflect services or target populations.
  • Uncertainty exists regarding the effectiveness of different crisis response teams.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify key characteristics of well-organized critical incident stress management (CISM) programs.
  • To provide guidelines for selecting effective early intervention crisis services.
  • To reduce confusion surrounding crisis response team nomenclature and function.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of crisis intervention program titles and functions.
  • Analysis of common terminology and its impact on service accessibility.
  • Development of criteria for evaluating CISM program effectiveness.

Main Results:

  • Many crisis intervention program titles are ambiguous or misleading.
  • Specific program functions and target populations vary widely.
  • Effective CISM programs possess distinct organizational and functional characteristics.

Conclusions:

  • Clearer, standardized terminology for crisis intervention services is needed.
  • Understanding core CISM program attributes enhances service selection.
  • Guidelines can help organizations identify the most effective crisis support.

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