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Related Experiment Videos

Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction: equine Cushing's disease.

Harold C Schott1

  • 1Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, D-202 Veterinary Medical Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1314, USA. schott@cvm.msu.edu

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice
|January 8, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction (PPID) in horses requires improved understanding and treatment. Current management focuses on supportive care and medications like pergolide, with ongoing research into optimal timing and novel therapies.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Equine Endocrinology
  • Animal Health

Background:

  • Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction (PPID) is a growing health concern in aging horses.
  • PPID is a distinct form of pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism compared to canine or human presentations.
  • Limited knowledge exists regarding PPID pathophysiology and natural disease progression in equids.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of PPID in horses.
  • To outline diagnostic approaches and treatment strategies for equine PPID.
  • To identify knowledge gaps and future research directions for PPID.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical signs and endocrinologic diagnostic tests, including the dexamethasone suppression test (DST).
  • Assessment of current treatment protocols, emphasizing supportive care and pharmacotherapy.

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  • Discussion of disease progression, medication efficacy, and potential future treatments.

    • Main Results:

    • Diagnosis relies on clinical signs and endocrinologic tests (DST preferred).
    • Comprehensive care including body clipping, dentistry, and nutrition is crucial.
    • Pergolide or pergolide/cyproheptadine combination is the current medical treatment of choice.
    • Hyperglycemia and body condition loss indicate advanced PPID potentially benefiting from medication.

    Conclusions:

    • Optimal timing for initiating drug therapy and treatment frequency (continuous vs. intermittent) remain unknown.
    • Further research is needed on clinical and endocrinologic responses to current treatments.
    • Novel medical and surgical strategies for equine PPID are anticipated with increasing demand for treatment.