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Theoretical and methodological approaches in discourse analysis.

Chris Stevenson1

  • 1Teesside Centre for Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Teesside, Middlesborough, UK.

Nurse Researcher
|January 8, 2005
PubMed
Summary

This study explores discourse analysis (DA) approaches, including Foucauldian and social constructionist DA. It proposes a framework for selecting DA methods and anticipating critiques, particularly relevant for nursing research.

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Area of Science:

  • Social Sciences
  • Linguistics
  • Nursing Research

Background:

  • Discourse analysis (DA) encompasses Foucauldian and radical social constructionist approaches.
  • Both DA approaches are influenced by social constructionism, which has debated aspects of power, embodiment, and materialism.
  • Embodiment and materialism are particularly pertinent to nursing research due to the focus on the physical body.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a framework for selecting and declaring a discourse analysis approach.
  • To assist researchers in anticipating methodological critiques.
  • To discuss method, validity, reliability, and scholarship within a discourse analytic framework.

Main Methods:

  • The paper reviews Foucauldian DA and radical social constructionist DA.

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  • It examines the theoretical underpinnings of social constructionism.
  • A framework is suggested for guiding the choice of DA methodology.

    • Main Results:

    • Social constructionism's contested nature allows for flexible integration of theoretical and methodological approaches.
    • The proposed framework aids in clarifying the chosen DA approach.
    • Anticipating methodological critique is facilitated by the framework.

    Conclusions:

    • Researchers can tailor discourse analysis methods to specific research interests, especially in fields like nursing.
    • The framework supports rigorous and transparent application of discourse analysis.
    • Clear declaration of DA approach enhances research validity and scholarship.