Childhood teratomas in Ibadan, Nigeria

Childhood teratomas are uncommon neoplasms worldwide. They are nonetheless important because their exact histogenesis has not yet been resolved. The weight of the evidence points to a germ cell origin for these neoplasms. Eighteen percent of 407 teratomas reviewed in the Department of Pathology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria, between 1960 and 1985 occurred in children up to 15 years of age. There was a bimodal peak age incidence among these children, the first being due to sacrococcygeal and the second to ovarian teratomas. The female to male ratio was 5:1. The two most common sites of occurrence were the sacrococcygeal region and the ovaries. Eighty-one percent of all childhood teratomas were mature, 15% were immature, and 4% were malignant. Both malignant neoplasms arose in the sacrococcygeal region and occurred in patients relatively older than those with benign sacrococcygeal teratomas. These two malignant teratomas contained yolk sac elements.