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Reporting of medication errors by pediatric nurses.

Karen M Stratton1, Mary A Blegen, Ginette Pepper

  • 1School of Nursing, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO, USA.

Journal of Pediatric Nursing
|January 8, 2005
PubMed
Summary
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Pediatric medication errors are reported more frequently and occur at higher rates than in adults. Distractions, staffing, and fear of consequences contribute to medication administration errors and underreporting in nursing care.

Area of Science:

  • Nursing
  • Patient Safety
  • Pediatric Care

Background:

  • Medication administration errors pose risks to patient outcomes.
  • Children's unique physiology increases their vulnerability to medication errors.
  • Understanding medication errors in pediatric nursing is crucial for patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare medication error reporting and occurrence rates between pediatric and adult hospital units.
  • To identify perceived causes of medication errors in pediatric nursing.
  • To explore reasons for underreporting of medication errors by nurses.

Main Methods:

  • Descriptive study utilizing a convenience sample of 57 pediatric and 227 adult hospital nurses.
  • Survey assessed nurses' perceptions of medication error reporting proportions, causes, and underreporting.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis focused on pediatric data in comparison to adult unit data.

    • Main Results:

    • Pediatric nurses reported a higher proportion of medication errors (67%) compared to adult nurses (56%).
    • Medication error rates were significantly higher in pediatric units (14.80 per 1,000 patient-days) versus adult units (5.66 per 1,000 patient-days).
    • Key factors identified for errors included distractions, interruptions, and RN-to-patient ratios; underreporting was linked to administrative focus on individuals and fear of reprimand.

    Conclusions:

    • Pediatric units experience higher rates of reported medication errors and actual occurrences.
    • Systemic factors like staffing and interruptions, alongside reporting barriers, require attention.
    • Addressing both individual and systemic safeguards is essential to mitigate medication errors and improve reporting in nursing.