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Analysis of pharmacist and pharmacist-extender workforce in 1998--2000: assessing predictors and differences across
Surrey M Walton1, Judith A Cooksey, Katherine K Knapp
1Department of Pharmacy Administration, University of Illinois at Chicago, 60612, USA. Walton@UIC.edu
Objective:
To examine the impact of supply and demand factors on filled positions for pharmacists and pharmacist extenders (pharmacist technicians and aides) and assess differences across states through analysis of state-level pharmacist labor market data.
Design:
Cross-sectional analysis.
Setting:
United States.
Participants:
Not applicable.
Interventions:
Not applicable.
Main Outcome Measures:
State-level counts of filled pharmacist and pharmacist-extender positions, wages, and various available demographic, health, policy, and other factors related to the pharmacist labor market.
Results:
Across states, the total population and the number of community pharmacy prescriptions were very accurate predictors (R2 = 0.99) of the number of pharmacist and pharmacist-extender positions, and all other variables were insignificant after these two variables were controlled for. Pharmacists and pharmacist-extenders were positively correlated, and the ratio of the two was not related to observable policy-related variables. Outlying states, in terms of simple pharmacist-to-population ratios, were difficult to categorize.
Conclusion:
Future changes in prescriptions are likely to affect the pharmacist and pharmacist-extender labor markets. Across states, pharmacists and extenders relate as complements rather than substitutes. The number of pharmacist graduates and state-level regulations regarding technician-to-pharmacist ratios appears to have a small effect on filled positions across states.
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