Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells in chronic renal failure

In patients with chronic renal failure, mechanical and haemodynamic changes could occur in the lungs without obvious pulmonary symptoms and findings, and their effects could pave the way to pulmonary functional disorders. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the respiratory system is a site of synthesis of many compounds, which play biological roles ascribed to hormones. The present article is an attempt to make a synthesis of current opinions and views, based on the world literature survey and on our own studies, concerning the effect of homeostatic dysfunction of the kidneys on the morphology and action of DNES cells in the lung.