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Updated: Aug 20, 2026
Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Published on: June 16, 2014
Influence of chronic kidney disease development and renin-angiotensin system inhibition on cardiovascular prognosis
J Segura1, C Campo, L M Ruilope
1Hypertension Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Av. Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain. juliansegura@mi.madritel.es
Insights
Chronic kidney disease significantly increases cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients. Early renal function assessment and integrated treatment are crucial for protecting both kidney and heart health.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Cardiology
- Hypertension Management
Background:
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasingly recognized in hypertensive patients.
- Renal function assessment, including glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimation, is vital for cardiovascular risk stratification.
- Elevated serum creatinine, even subtly, predicts poor cardiovascular outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the importance of CKD in hypertensive patients.
- To emphasize the need for adequate renal function assessment.
- To advocate for an integrated therapeutic approach for renal and cardiovascular protection.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent guidelines and clinical evidence.
- Analysis of the relationship between renal function, hypertension, and cardiovascular risk.
- Discussion of therapeutic strategies, including angiotensin II inhibition.
Main Results:
- CKD is associated with significantly increased cardiovascular risk in hypertensive individuals.
- Metabolic syndrome and other risk factors exacerbate cardiovascular risk in CKD patients.
- Inhibition of angiotensin II improves renal outcomes and reduces cardiovascular events.
Conclusions:
- CKD is a critical factor in hypertensive patient risk stratification.
- Comprehensive assessment and integrated management are essential for simultaneous renal and cardiovascular protection.
- Therapeutic strategies targeting renal protection, like angiotensin II inhibition, are vital for high-risk patients.
Abstract:
Recently published guidelines recognize the relevance of the development of chronic kidney disease in the stratification of risk of the hypertensive patient. Adequate assessment of renal function, including estimation of glomerular filtration rate, is mandatory in order to ensure an adequate evaluation of global cardiovascular risk in the hypertensive patient. The presence of subtle elevations of serum creatinine concentrations is a potent predictor of a poor cardiovascular prognosis. Clustering of associated risk factors seems to justify the elevated cardiovascular risk observed in patients with essential hypertension and mild renal function derangement. Chronic kidney disease is associated with a significant increase in cardiovascular risk attributable to the simultaneous existence of other risk factors related to the metabolic syndrome. The inhibition of the effects of angiotensin II is necessary to ensure the best degree of renal protection. It has demonstrated to improve the long-term renal outcome of patients with nephrosclerosis and to reduce the appearance of cardiovascular complications in high risk patients The high prevalence of chronic kidney disease in the general and in the hypertensive populations forces the recognition of its relevance and the need for an integrative therapeutic approach to protect simultaneously renal and cardiovascular systems.
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