[Review on genetic diversity in Pinus]

The ways of probing genetic diversity of pines involve many aspects, such as morphology, chromosome, isozyme, DNA, etc. The phenotypic characteristics in pines vary widely and the differences of inheritability(h2) are obvious among characteristics and among species. Up to now,isozyme is still the most common means to measure genetic diversity of pines. Generally,there are high allozyme diversity within populations and low differentiation coefficient among populations, but differences exist between species in Pinus. The variations of chromosome among pines are very low and the karyotypes of pines are consentaneous,but the genomes of pines in cell nucleus are much larger than that of broadleaves. Diversity of pines are abundant at nucleus DNA level but are poor at plastid DNA level, such as ctDNA. There are many factors that will affect genetic diversity of pines, in which mating system and environment are two main factors. Finally,we reviewed the research on origin of Pinus and conservation strategy of genetic diversity,etc.