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Protein and older adults.

Ronni Chernoff1

  • 1Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, USA. chernoffronni@uams.edu

Journal of the American College of Nutrition
|January 11, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Older adults experience reduced body protein, necessitating increased protein intake for better health. Consuming adequate protein is crucial for healing, immunity, and overall well-being in aging populations.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Aging leads to significant body composition changes, including reduced total body protein and skeletal muscle mass.
  • Declines in physiologic proteins, total body potassium, and water impact wound healing, skin elasticity, and immune function.
  • Protein tissue turnover rate decreases with age, from 30% in younger adults to 20% or less by age 70.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the physiological changes in body composition associated with aging.
  • To emphasize the increased protein requirements for older adults.
  • To discuss the challenges older adults face in obtaining adequate protein and the benefits of specific protein sources.

Main Methods:

  • Review of physiological changes in body composition during aging.
  • Analysis of protein turnover rates in different age groups.
  • Evaluation of dietary protein sources and their nutritional value for older adults.

Main Results:

  • Older adults require a higher protein intake (at least 1.0 g/kg body weight) compared to the standard recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of 0.8 g/kg.
  • Inadequate protein intake in older adults is linked to decreased reserve capacity, skin fragility, impaired immune function, and slower recovery from illness.
  • Dietary animal protein, particularly eggs, offers high biological value and essential nutrients crucial for older adults, at a lower cost compared to other sources.

Conclusions:

  • Aging necessitates an increased protein intake to counteract reduced body protein and maintain physiological functions.
  • Adequate protein consumption is vital for supporting immune function, wound healing, and overall health in the elderly population.
  • Eggs represent a cost-effective and nutrient-rich protein source beneficial for older adults' dietary needs.

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