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The development and establishment of a care map in children with asthma in Taiwan
Sue-Hsien Chen1, Kuo-Wei Yeh, Sue-Huei Chen
1Department of Nursing, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung Institute of Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Insights
A care map for children with asthma (CACM) improved parental understanding and reduced emergency room visits. This intervention enhances asthma management and family quality of life.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
- Health Services Research
- Patient Education
Background:
- Asthma attacks in children are unpredictable, causing significant family stress and disrupting daily life.
- Effective asthma management strategies are crucial for improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare burdens.
- Care maps have shown promise in enhancing efficiency and effectiveness in managing chronic conditions like asthma.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and evaluate a care map for asthmatic children in Taiwan.
- To compare the impact of the care map on parental knowledge, medication adherence, hospital readmissions, and healthcare resource utilization.
- To assess the care map's effectiveness in improving asthma management and quality of life for affected families.
Main Methods:
- A care map was developed through in-depth interviews with parents of children with asthma.
- Forty-two children with asthma and their parents were randomized into experimental and control groups.
- The experimental group received the care map with individual instruction, while the control group received regular care.
Main Results:
- The experimental group showed a significantly lower emergency room attendance rate (p<0.05).
- Parental understanding of asthma significantly improved in the experimental group (p<0.01).
- Parents in the experimental group developed a more positive attitude towards asthma management.
Conclusions:
- A care map for children with asthma (CACM) effectively educates parents on treatment plans and managing asthma attacks.
- Implementing a CACM can improve children's asthma outcomes and enhance family quality of life.
- Key factors for success include empathetic assessment, cultural sensitivity, a well-designed educational program, and collaborative treatment planning.
Background:
It is often difficult to predict the timing and frequency of asthma attacks. In addition to interrupting the daily life of both the affected child and his/her family, asthma can also pose sudden danger to a child. Based on clinical observations, many asthma-affected children and their parents must constantly adjust themselves to the uncertainty of the disease, which leads to increased stress on the family. The use of care maps has demonstrated increased efficiency and effectiveness in the care of asthma patients from a variety of settings.
Objective:
We designed this study to construct and evaluate a care map for asthmatic children in Taiwan. Specific attention was placed on comparing the study and control subjects by parental knowledge of asthma, medication used for asthma, hospital readmission, and health care resource usage.
Subjects And Methods:
The care map was constructed by in-depth interviews with eight sets of parents of children with asthma. Forty-four parents of 42 asthma children were randomized into two groups in the Allergic Clinic of the Chang Gung Children's Hospital. The experimental group of 22 parents received individual instruction and training sessions in addition to the regular care provided to the control group of 22 parents.
Results:
Forty-two children with asthma were surveyed in this study. To examine the reliability and validity of a care map for children with asthma, a quantitative survey was conducted with 42 outpatient parents with asthmatic children. There was less emergency room attending rate in experimental group (6/month; p<0.05) The understanding of the disease was much improved in parents of experimental group (13.85+/-1.04 vs. 10.91+/-2.14; p<0.01). Furthermore, parents acquired a more positive attitude to asthma, and almost all of the control group had irregular follow-ups by a physician and had irregular use of medication.
Conclusion:
This study emphasizes that a care map in children with asthma (CACM) can be used to educate parents in how to provide the best treatment plan for their children. This study also shows how a CACM can help parents train their children in the best behaviors during asthma attacks. Empathetic assessment and elimination of cultural barriers, a well-designed educational program, and a mutually developed treatment plan could significantly improve the quality of life for families and specific asthma outcomes.
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