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Related Experiment Videos

XTH acts at the microfibril-matrix interface during cell elongation.

Kris Vissenberg1, Stephen C Fry, Markus Pauly

  • 1University of Antwerp (Drie Eiken Campus), Department of Biology, Plant Physiology and Morphology, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium. kris.vissenberg@ua.ac.be

Journal of Experimental Botany
|January 12, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase (XET) action in plant cell walls shows a fibrillar pattern linked to cellulose microfibrils. This enzyme activity is crucial for cell wall expansion and is influenced by microtubules and cellulose synthesis.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase (XET) enzymes (XTHs) modify xyloglucan in plant cell walls.
  • Xyloglucan is a major non-cellulosic polysaccharide in dicot primary cell walls.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the subcellular localization and pattern of XET action in plant cell walls.
  • To understand the relationship between XET activity, cell growth, microtubules, and cellulose deposition.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporation of sulphorhodamine-labelled xyloglucan oligosaccharides into Arabidopsis and tobacco cells.
  • Microscopic observation of fluorescence patterns.
  • Interference with microtubule and actin polymerization.
  • Analysis of cellulose-deficient mutants.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Enzymatic digestion of incorporated xyloglucans.

    • Main Results:

    • XET action exhibits a distinct 'fibrillar' pattern in diffusely growing cells, correlating with cell elongation and microtubule orientation.
    • Microtubule polymerization and cellulose deposition are essential for the organized fibrillar XET action.
    • Tip-growing root hairs show high XET action but lack the parallel fibrillar pattern.
    • Incorporated xyloglucans decorate cellulose microfibrils and become resistant to enzymatic degradation.

    Conclusions:

    • XTHs primarily act on xyloglucans tethered to cellulose microfibrils.
    • The fibrillar pattern of XET action reflects the organization of cellulose microfibrils within the cell wall.
    • Cellulose microfibril deposition and orientation, influenced by microtubules, guide XET activity during cell growth.