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Development and malformations of the human pyramidal tract.

H J ten Donkelaar1, M Lammens, P Wesseling

  • 1Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Nijmegen, P. O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands. H.tenDonkelaar@neuro.umcn.nl

Journal of Neurology
|January 13, 2005
PubMed
Summary

The corticospinal tract, crucial for motor control, undergoes complex development with potential for malformations. Understanding its developmental disorders is key to addressing neurological conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Neuroanatomy

Background:

  • The corticospinal tract is the primary motor pathway, developing over an extended period.
  • Rodent and primate corticospinal tract development show species-specific timing, with primates developing largely prenatally.
  • Gene involvement in pyramidal tract development is increasingly recognized in mice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the developmental process of the corticospinal tract.
  • To explore malformations associated with this motor pathway.
  • To discuss the spectrum of developmental disorders affecting the pyramidal tract.

Main Methods:

  • Review of neuropathological and clinical literature.
  • Analysis of autopsy cases.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Synthesis of data on corticospinal tract development and malformations.
  • Main Results:

    • Corticospinal tract development involves extensive initial projections that are selectively eliminated.
    • Direct corticomotoneuronal projections are late-developing components.
    • Variations and malformations, including uncrossed pyramidal tracts, occur during development.
    • Pyramidal tract malformations are linked to cortical patterning, neurogenesis, migration, white matter injury, and axon guidance defects.

    Conclusions:

    • The human pyramidal tract likely develops similarly to other mammals, with a prolonged maturation process.
    • A wide range of developmental disorders can involve pyramidal tract malformations.
    • Abnormal axon guidance and molecular mechanisms underlie some of these malformations.