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Evapotranspiration under advective conditions.

Patricia I Figuerola1, Pedro R Berliner

  • 1Dpto. de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, 2do. Piso, Buenos Aires, 1428, Argentina.

International Journal of Biometeorology
|January 14, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Evapotranspiration estimation in arid regions requires accounting for heat advection. Measurements in the lowest layer are crucial for accurate latent heat flux calculations, favoring the Penman-Monteith equation.

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Meteorology
  • Hydrology
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Arid and semi-arid regions feature irrigated fields within dry landscapes.
  • Advection of sensible heat flux from surrounding dry surfaces significantly impacts crop evapotranspiration.
  • Standard evapotranspiration methods assume negligible horizontal heat fluxes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate evapotranspiration estimation methods under advective conditions in arid environments.
  • To assess the impact of sensible heat advection on latent heat flux measurements.
  • To determine the most suitable method for estimating crop water use in desert oases.

Main Methods:

  • Field measurements were conducted above an irrigated tomato field in a desert area.

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  • Latent and sensible heat fluxes were measured using a four-level Bowen machine with aspirated psychrometers.
  • Data analysis focused on the validity of horizontal flux assumptions in evapotranspiration models.

    • Main Results:

    • Under advective conditions, only measurements from the lowest layer accurately estimated latent heat fluxes.
    • Horizontal sensible heat advection significantly influenced energy balance calculations.
    • The Penman-Monteith (PM) equation showed potential for improved accuracy with proper canopy resistance parameterization.

    Conclusions:

    • Standard evapotranspiration methods may be unreliable in heterogeneous arid landscapes due to advection.
    • Careful consideration of measurement height and model parameterization is essential for accurate water use estimates.
    • The Penman-Monteith equation is recommended for evapotranspiration calculations in advective desert environments.