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Related Experiment Videos

Foot-and-mouth disease virus evolution: exploring pathways towards virus extinction.

E Domingo1, N Pariente, A Airaksinen

  • 1Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology
|January 15, 2005
PubMed
Summary

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Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) exhibits quasispecies dynamics, allowing variants to emerge under environmental pressure. Understanding FMDV mutation and extinction is key to developing new antiviral strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a highly variable RNA virus.
  • FMDV exhibits quasispecies dynamics, where diverse mutant spectra are generated.
  • Minority viral subpopulations can become dominant due to environmental changes or population fluctuations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms of FMDV genetic variation and survival under different conditions.
  • To compare FMDV resistance to extinction during bottleneck passage versus mutagenesis.
  • To gain insights into viral quasispecies dynamics for developing novel antiviral strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Serial bottleneck passages of FMDV populations.
  • Viral replication in the presence of mutagenic base or nucleoside analogs.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of mutation accumulation and relative fitness in FMDV genomes.

    • Main Results:

    • FMDV survives serial bottleneck passages with linear mutation accumulation and compensatory mutations.
    • Replication with mutagens increases mutant spectra complexity and can lead to extinction via error catastrophe.
    • Low relative fitness and viral load promote FMDV extinction in cell culture.

    Conclusions:

    • Compensatory mutations are critical for FMDV survival during bottleneck passages.
    • Enhanced mutagenesis can drive FMDV towards extinction by exceeding an error threshold.
    • Comparing these extinction routes offers insights into quasispecies dynamics and potential antiviral therapies targeting error catastrophe.