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[A case of constrictive bronchiolitis].

Misato Kikuchi¹, Shinichiro Koyama, Akira Toyoda

¹First Department of General Medicine, Omiya Medical Center, Jichi Medical School.

Nihon Kokyuki Gakkai Zasshi = the Journal of the Japanese Respiratory Society

|January 18, 2005

Summary

Constrictive bronchiolitis (CB) is a rare lung disease causing progressive shortness of breath. Immunosuppressive therapy may slow CB progression but is not a cure.

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Area of Science:

Pulmonology
Immunology

Background:

Constrictive bronchiolitis (CB) is a rare, progressive airway disease.
Diagnosis is often delayed due to non-specific symptoms and normal initial imaging.

Observation:

A 31-year-old woman presented with cough and dyspnea post-delivery.
Initial labs and chest X-ray were normal, but pulmonary function tests and CT revealed dysfunction and mosaic perfusion.
VATS lung biopsy confirmed membranous bronchiole occlusion.

Findings:

The patient was diagnosed with constrictive bronchiolitis (CB).
Immunosuppressive therapy (steroid and cyclophosphamide pulse therapy) provided temporary improvement but did not halt disease progression.
The patient ultimately succumbed to the disease 1.5 years after symptom onset.

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Implications:

This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of constrictive bronchiolitis.
While immunosuppressive therapy may slow progression, it is not curative for CB.
Lung transplantation remains a consideration for advanced cases, though not pursued by this patient.