[The fight against doping: today and tomorrow]

Since Antiquity, sport persons have used doping methods to improve their performance. The methods used today are increasingly specific and professional As a corrolary, doping is becoming extremely difficult to detect: because many prohibited drugs are rapidly metabolized (short half life); it is often impossible to distinguish between the natural and recombinant hormone products; several prohibited substances are not screened for; therapeutic use authorization (TUA)--a recent recommendation from the World antidoping agency (WADA)--and advances in gene therapy are giving cheaters new possibilities. It is necessary to promote a new approach to doping detection by determining potential specific links between changes in human biological profiles (proteom, transcriptom, metabonom), and the use of a given drug. Developments in nanotechnology, and notably" labs on a chip" should prove useful in this respect.