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Related Experiment Videos

Deflocculation effects due to chemical perturbations in sequencing batch reactors.

I D S Henriques1, R T Kelly, N G Love

  • 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA. inesh@vt.edu

Water Science and Technology : a Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research
|January 20, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Toxic chemicals like CDNB and cadmium disrupt activated sludge structure, causing deflocculation. Recovery is slow and depends on biomass regrowth, not just the glutathione-gated potassium efflux mechanism.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental microbiology
  • Wastewater treatment engineering

Background:

  • Activated sludge deflocculation can impair wastewater treatment efficiency.
  • The glutathione-gated potassium efflux (GGKE) mechanism is a proposed cause of toxic shock-induced deflocculation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the deflocculation effects of various industrial chemicals on activated sludge.
  • To determine if GGKE is the primary mechanism responsible for chemical-induced deflocculation.

Main Methods:

  • Sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) with nitrifying and non-nitrifying biomass were exposed to six chemical toxins at inhibitory concentrations.
  • Effluent total suspended solids (TSS) and soluble potassium levels were monitored.
  • Reactor recovery was assessed over three solids retention times (SRTs).

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Main Results:

  • 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB), cadmium, and alkaline pH (11) significantly increased effluent TSS and potassium levels.
  • Octanol, 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), and cyanide caused only moderate increases in potassium and did not induce severe deflocculation.
  • Effluent TSS and potassium recovery did not consistently correlate, suggesting biomass regrowth is crucial for reflocculation.

Conclusions:

  • Different chemicals induce deflocculation in SBRs through various mechanisms.
  • GGKE is not the sole cause of deflocculation; other stress responses may be involved.
  • Chemical-induced deflocculation requires biomass regrowth for effective recovery.