[Doctor-patient relationship--its quality and possibilities for improvement]

A review of the last decade's literature suggests that the doctor-patient relationship could be improved in three main respects: (1) Medical, social and psychological information is obtained incompletely or incorrectly. (2) A positive emotional relationship with the doctor is reported by the patient who has been able to talk about his own ideas, fears and expectations. The doctor rarely enquires about the latter and, if he does so, pays little attention to the reply. (3) Patients are not well informed about prior test results, prognosis or etiology. Concepts in social psychology afford valuable and practical hints in improving the doctor-patient relationship: checking on what the doctor and patient have said; a structured interview (use of a list of topics; open discussion of time limits); avoidance of yes/no type questions at the beginning; perceptions of patients' emotions; partnership-based approach. As a means of approaching the doctor-patient relationship on a psychoanalytic basis, Balint groups have proved of value.