Towards a fast-responding, label-free electrochemical DNA biosensor

DNA sensors and sensor arrays (biochips) have become an important tool in molecular biology and biotechnology in recent years. For low-throughput, easy-to-use devices it is desirable that they be of low cost, reagentless, and label-free. Displacement sensors with electrochemical detection offer these advantages, and therefore the development of such a detection principle is show in this work. An HRP-labeled oligonucleotide was sub-optimally pre-hybridized with a capture probe and was displaced upon introduction of the fully complementary probe target, producing a decrease in signal that was proportional to the sample concentration. This detection scheme has been demonstrated colorimetrically and electrochemically, obtaining a total signal displacement of 55% only 5 min after introduction of the sample.