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Related Concept Videos

The Nitrogen Cycle01:49

The Nitrogen Cycle

Nitrogen atoms, present in all proteins and DNA, are recycled between abiotic and biotic components of the ecosystem. However, the primary form of nitrogen on Earth is nitrogen gas, which cannot be used by most animals and plants. Thus, nitrogen gas must first be converted into a usable form by nitrogen-fixing bacteria before it can be cycled through other living organisms. The use of nitrogen-containing fertilizers and animal waste products in human agriculture has greatly influenced the...
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The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition02:11

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Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism01:20

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 28, 2026

High-throughput Fluorometric Measurement of Potential Soil Extracellular Enzyme Activities
12:33

High-throughput Fluorometric Measurement of Potential Soil Extracellular Enzyme Activities

Published on: November 15, 2013

Soil functional responses to excess nitrogen inputs at global scale.

Mark Adams1, Phil Ineson, Dan Binkley

  • 1Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, University of Western Australia, Crawley. adamsma@cyllene.uwa.edu.au

Ambio
|January 26, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Nitrogen (N) cycling in Southern Hemisphere soils is similar to the Northern Hemisphere, but phosphorus (P) limitation differs. Land-use changes pose the greatest threat to N cycling in the South.

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Area of Science:

  • Soil science
  • Ecology
  • Biogeochemistry

Background:

  • Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) cycling are critical ecosystem processes.
  • Soils in the Southern Hemisphere are often highly weathered, acidic, and low in phosphorus.
  • Understanding N cycling in these unique environments is crucial for effective land management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the similarities and differences in nitrogen (N) cycling between Southern Hemisphere and Northern Hemisphere ecosystems.
  • To evaluate the concept of phosphorus (P) limitation in Southern Hemisphere soils.
  • To identify key threats to N cycling in Southern Hemisphere ecosystems.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of N loss patterns across various land uses.
  • Assessment of carbon-to-nitrogen (C:N) ratios in forest floor litter.
  • Evaluation of plant adaptations to low-phosphorus soils.

Main Results:

  • Nitrogen (N) loss patterns and forms are similar across different land uses in the South, mirroring Northern Hemisphere trends.
  • Carbon-to-nitrogen (C:N) ratios effectively predict ecosystem processes globally.
  • The concept of phosphorus (P) limitation is questionable in Southern Hemisphere ecosystems due to plant adaptations.

Conclusions:

  • Nitrogen (N) cycling in the Southern Hemisphere shares similarities with the Northern Hemisphere.
  • Plant adaptations to low-phosphorus (P) soils challenge the notion of P-limitation in southern ecosystems.
  • Land-use changes that increase nitrogen (N) inputs and turnover represent the most significant threat to Southern Hemisphere ecosystems.