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Computerized corneal topography in a paediatric population with Down syndrome
Andrea L Vincent1, Brent A Weiser, Monique Cupryn
1Department of Ophthalmology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.
Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology
|January 27, 2005
Summary
Children with Down syndrome exhibit abnormal corneal topography, detectable by computerized videokeratography (CVK). This eye condition also appears more frequently in their parents, suggesting a potential genetic link.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Genetics
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Down syndrome is associated with various ocular abnormalities.
- Corneal topography provides detailed information about the cornea's shape and curvature.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze corneal topographic changes in children with Down syndrome using computerized videokeratography (CVK).
- To investigate the prevalence of these changes in the parents of children with Down syndrome.
Main Methods:
- A prospective, non-randomized clinical trial involving 21 children with Down syndrome, 18 of their parents, and 60 controls.
- Corneal computerized videokeratography (CVK) was performed, analyzing central corneal power (CP), difference in central corneal power (DCP), and inferior-superior steepening asymmetry (I-S).
Main Results:
- Children with Down syndrome showed significantly steeper corneas (CP) compared to controls.
- Abnormalities in DCP and I-S values were also significantly different in the Down syndrome group.
- 39% of parents of children with Down syndrome presented at least one abnormal topographic parameter.
Conclusions:
- Computerized videokeratography (CVK) is effective for assessing corneal shape in Down syndrome patients.
- Corneal shape abnormalities exist in Down syndrome individuals, independent of clinical keratoconus signs.
- An increased incidence of abnormal corneal topography was noted in parents, suggesting a potential inherited component.