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Related Experiment Videos

Complexity in the major histocompatibility complex.

J Trowsdale1, R D Campbell

  • 1Human Immunogenetics Laboratory, Imperial Cancer Research Fund, London.

European Journal of Immunogenetics : Official Journal of the British Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics
|February 1, 1992
PubMed
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The human Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) on chromosome 6p21.3 is a large genomic region with over 70 genes. This study reviews established loci and presents updates on novel genes found in previously uncharacterized DNA stretches.

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Human Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The human Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) is a densely studied genomic region on chromosome 6p21.3.
  • It spans approximately 4 million base pairs and contains over 70 known genes.
  • The MHC is divided into three main regions: class I, class II, and class III, with specific gene families located in each.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated review of the established loci within the human MHC.
  • To present novel findings on genes discovered in previously uncharacterized DNA regions of the MHC.
  • To detail the genomic organization and gene content of the human MHC.

Main Methods:

  • Detailed mapping of the MHC region using pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Cloning of MHC DNA fragments using yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) and cosmid vectors.
  • Sequence analysis to identify novel genes and their relationships to known MHC components.

    • Main Results:

    • Comprehensive mapping has revealed extensive DNA stretches between MHC regions and genes.
    • Novel genes, unrelated to known class I, class II, or complement components, have been identified in these intergenic regions.
    • Established loci within the MHC have been thoroughly reviewed and characterized.

    Conclusions:

    • The human MHC is a complex and dynamic genomic region with a rich gene content.
    • Ongoing research continues to uncover novel genes and genetic elements within the MHC.
    • Advanced mapping techniques have been crucial in elucidating the structure and complexity of the MHC.