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Stereotypes concerning normal and handicapped children.

T S Parish, N Dyck, B M Kappes

The Journal of Psychology

|May 1, 1979

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Teachers and professionals hold negative stereotypes toward children labeled as mentally retarded, learning disabled, or emotionally disturbed. Positive attitudes were reserved for gifted, normal, and physically handicapped children.

Area of Science:

Child Psychology
Educational Psychology
Social Psychology

Background:

Attitudes toward different child populations can influence educational practices and social integration.
Understanding stereotypes associated with various child labels is crucial for promoting inclusive environments.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess attitudes toward different groups of children, specifically comparing labels like "gifted" and "mentally retarded."
To identify potential negative stereotypes associated with certain child classifications.

Main Methods:

Study 1: 65 teachers in Kansas evaluated labels for child groups.
Study 2: 89 attendees at the Association for Children with Learning Disabilities conference evaluated labels.
Evaluations of "gifted," "normal," and "physically handicapped" children were compared to "mentally retarded," "learning disabled," and "emotionally disturbed" children.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

Labels for "mentally retarded," "learning disabled," and "emotionally disturbed" children received significantly more negative evaluations than "gifted," "normal," and "physically handicapped" children.
These findings suggest the presence of negative stereotypes toward the former groups.
In Study 1, stereotypes persisted regardless of teacher demographics like sex, age, education, or mainstreaming experience.

Conclusions:

Negative stereotypes are prevalent concerning children labeled as mentally retarded, learning disabled, or emotionally disturbed.
These stereotypes appear to be widespread and not significantly influenced by common demographic factors in educators.
Further research is needed to address and mitigate these negative biases in educational settings.