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Updated: Aug 19, 2026

Morphological and Functional Assessment of the Right Ventricle Using 3D Echocardiography
Published on: October 28, 2020
Problems with the right ventricular outflow tract: a review of morphologic features and current therapeutic options
Luca A Vricella1, Mazyar Kanani, Andrew C Cook
1Division of Cardiac Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21287-1824, USA. lvricella@jhmi@edu
Abstract:
Repair of complex malformations that necessitate restoration of continuity between the right ventricle and the pulmonary arteries can now safely be performed with low morbidity and mortality. Major concerns still remain on the long-term outlook for these patients, and about the durability of the different prostheses used to restore that continuity, whether during initial correction or at the time of reintervention for failure of the conduit or pulmonary regurgitation. In this review, we discuss the salient morphologic features of the right ventricular outflow tract, and then focus on the indications for early and late intervention, current therapeutic options, and outcomes.
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