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Active galaxies and radiative heating.

Jeremiah P Ostriker1, Luca Ciotti

  • 1Institute of Astronomy, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK. ostriker@princeton.edu

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|February 1, 2005
PubMed
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Massive black holes in elliptical galaxies regulate gas accretion and outflow through radiative feedback, preventing cooling flows and expelling metal-rich gas. This process influences black hole growth and galaxy evolution.

Area of Science:

  • Astrophysics
  • Galaxy Evolution
  • Black Hole Physics

Background:

  • Elliptical galaxies exhibit central heating processes.
  • These processes prevent large-scale gas cooling and expel metal-rich gas.
  • Massive black holes (0.13% of stellar mass) reside in galactic centers, emitting energy efficiently (>10% of rest mass).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the interaction between outflowing radiation from massive black holes and ambient or inflowing gas.
  • To understand how radiative feedback regulates galaxy properties.

Main Methods:

  • Detailed hydrodynamic computations were performed.
  • The study analyzed the impact of radiative energy interception by ambient gas.

Main Results:

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  • Relaxation oscillations are predicted due to radiative feedback.
  • Radiative feedback effectively regulates central black hole growth.
  • The density and thermal state of galactic gas are regulated by this feedback.

Conclusions:

  • Radiative feedback from massive black holes plays a crucial role in regulating elliptical galaxy evolution.
  • Mechanical energy input from jets can complement or dominate radiative effects.
  • Specific observational tests are proposed to identify galaxies with strong radiative heating bursts.