Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 19, 2026

Isolation of Primary Myofibroblasts from Mouse and Human Colon Tissue
06:59

Isolation of Primary Myofibroblasts from Mouse and Human Colon Tissue

Published on: October 12, 2013

Class II MHC-expressing myofibroblasts play a role in the immunopathogenesis associated with staphylococcal

C A Barrera1, I V Pinchuk, J I Saada

  • 1Child Health Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Mail # Rt. 0366, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0366, USA. vreyes@utmb.edu

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|February 1, 2005
PubMed

Insights

Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) trigger immune responses in human intestinal myofibroblasts (IMFs). These cells may play a key role in staphylococcal food poisoning pathogenesis.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Food poisoning from staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) is common.
  • The mechanisms by which SEs cause disease are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of human intestinal myofibroblasts (IMFs) in the immune response to SEs.
  • To explore how IMFs interact with SEs and initiate inflammatory pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Cultured human intestinal myofibroblasts (IMFs) were exposed to SEs.
  • IMF binding of SEs was assessed in an MHC class II-dependent manner.
  • Cytokine secretion (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha) by IMFs was measured.
  • T cell proliferation assays were performed using SE-pulsed IMFs and CD4(+) T cells.

Main Results:

  • IMFs bind SEs via MHC class II molecules.
  • SE exposure increased IMF secretion of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha.
  • MHC class II-expressing IMFs stimulated a significant CD4(+) T cell proliferative response when pulsed with SEA.

Conclusions:

  • IMFs actively participate in the immune response to staphylococcal enterotoxins.
  • These findings suggest IMFs are crucial in the pathology of staphylococcal enterotoxigenic diseases.
  • Further research into IMF-mediated responses could reveal new therapeutic targets.

More Related Videos

A TNBS-Induced Rodent Model to Study the Pathogenic Role of Mechanical Stress in Crohn's Disease05:08

A TNBS-Induced Rodent Model to Study the Pathogenic Role of Mechanical Stress in Crohn's Disease

Published on: March 1, 2022

Chronic Salmonella Infection Induced Intestinal Fibrosis08:40

Chronic Salmonella Infection Induced Intestinal Fibrosis

Published on: September 22, 2019

Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
Gastritis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Gastritis II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of gastritis begins with the colonization of the stomach lining by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). This bacterium spreads mainly via the oral-oral route through saliva or shared utensils, and can also be transmitted in overcrowded or unhygienic environments through contaminated water, despite its brief survival outside the body.ColonizationOnce ingested, H. pylori enters the stomach and begins colonization by navigating through the mucus layer lining the stomach wall. It...
Chronic Inflammation: Introduction01:12

Chronic Inflammation: Introduction

Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.