Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Temperature effects on flocculation, using different coagulants.

C S B Fitzpatrick1, E Fradin, J Gregory

  • 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK. c.fitzpatrick@ucl.ac.uk

Water Science and Technology : a Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research
|February 3, 2005
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Quantra analyzer with the QStat® Cartridge compared with conventional laboratory tests during postpartum hemorrhage: a retrospective cohort study (2021-2023).

International journal of obstetric anesthesia·2025
Same author

Toceranib phosphate resolves right heart obstruction secondary to a heart base neoplasm in a dog.

Journal of veterinary cardiology : the official journal of the European Society of Veterinary Cardiology·2022
Same author

Individuals with high bone mass have increased progression of radiographic and clinical features of knee osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis and cartilage·2020
Same author

Subregional statistical shape modelling identifies lesser trochanter size as a possible risk factor for radiographic hip osteoarthritis, a cross-sectional analysis from the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study.

Osteoarthritis and cartilage·2020
Same author

Sarcoma multidisciplinary team meeting: past, present, and future.

Clinical radiology·2020
Same author

Preoperative surgical risk stratification in osteosarcoma based on the proximity to the major vessels.

The bone & joint journal·2019
Same journal

Pyrolysis temperature shapes the structure and filtration capacity of spent-coffee-ground biochar for 1-μm microplastics and bacteria removal from wastewater.

Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research·2026
Same journal

Effect of cooling and cover material on the performance of a solar humidification-dehumidification system used for brine concentration.

Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research·2026
Same journal

Comparative multi-criteria assessment of decentralized wastewater treatment technologies for coastal tourist communities and island slaughterhouses: a design framework with uncertainty analysis for Latin America.

Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research·2026
Same journal

An improved relative frequency method for flood season partitioning.

Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research·2026
Same journal

Drivers of wastewater dynamics: a statistical analysis of England's large wastewater treatment works.

Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research·2026
Same journal

A review on modification of piezoelectric materials for wastewater treatment: mechanisms, applications, and future perspectives.

Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research·2026
See all related articles

Water temperature significantly impacts flocculation. Lower temperatures slow floc formation and make flocs more stable, while higher temperatures lead to weaker flocs that break more easily and recover less effectively.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Water Treatment Engineering
  • Colloid and Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Flocculation is a critical step in water purification processes.
  • Temperature is a known factor influencing flocculation efficiency and subsequent filtration performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of temperature on floc formation, breakage, and reformation using various coagulants.
  • To assess the performance of alum, ferric sulfate, and polyaluminium chloride (PACI) coagulants across a range of temperatures.

Main Methods:

  • Laboratory jar tests were conducted to simulate water treatment conditions.
  • A photometric dispersion analyzer (PDA) was used to quantify floc characteristics.
  • Experiments involved a kaolin clay suspension in tap water at temperatures from 6 to 29°C.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Floc formation rate decreased with lower temperatures for all tested coagulants.
  • PAX XL 19 produced the largest flocs, while alum produced the smallest.
  • Increased shear stress caused irreversible floc breakage, with greater reduction in size at higher temperatures.

Conclusions:

  • Temperature significantly influences floc strength and recovery dynamics.
  • Lower temperatures promote more stable flocs, enhancing resistance to shear-induced breakage.
  • Understanding temperature effects is crucial for optimizing water treatment processes and coagulant selection.