Laparoscopic sigmoidectomy for fistulized diverticulitis

Nowadays laparoscopic colorectal surgery has demonstrated its advantages, including reduced postoperative pain, decreased duration of ileus, and shorter hospital stay. Few studies report results of laparoscopic surgery in complicated diverticulitis. This study was designed to analyze the results of laparoscopic sigmoidectomy in patients with fistulized sigmoiditis.

The authors retrospectively reviewed 16 patients who had laparoscopic sigmoidectomy for fistulized diverticulitis between 1992 and 2003 in a series of 247 laparoscopic colectomies. Eleven patients presented with colovesical, four with colovaginal, and one with colocutaneous fistulas; all were caused by sigmoiditis. The procedure always consisted of celioscopic sigmoidectomy with stapled transanal suture and, when indicated, closure of the cystic or vaginal fistula orifice.

Mean age was 60 (range, 39-78) years. Mean number of episodes of diverticulitis before operation was three (range, 1-5). Mean time between the last episode and operation was 46 (range, 2-250) weeks. In our first three years of experience, three cases (18.7 percent) were converted to laparotomy. Reasons for conversion were the necessity for intestinal resection, splenectomy, and a wound of the anterior rectum. The mean operative time was 172 (range, 100-280) minutes. Mean hospital stay was 5.7 (range, 3-12) days. There was no mortality. Postoperative morbidity (2 patients, 12.5 percent) consisted of one pulmonary infection and one splenectomy. Long-term follow-up revealed no recurrence of diverticulitis and one incisional hernia.

In experienced hands, laparoscopic sigmoidectomy may be a safe and effective procedure for fistulized sigmoiditis.