Joanna Stepniewska1, Kazimierz Ciechanowski, Jacek Rózański
1Klinika Nefrologii, Transplantologii i Chorób Wewnetrznych Pomorskiej Akademii Medycznej w Szczecinie.
Vascular malformations, including aneurysms and fistulas, stem from genetic defects. This review covers their definition, types, diagnosis, and treatment guidelines for better patient outcomes.
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