Mobilization of the spine

This article presents spinal dysfunction (as opposed to disease) as being an altered state of mechanics demonstrating either an aberrant motion or an increase or decrease from the expected range. Examination techniques, including passive intervertebral motion testing, are outlined, as is the grading system for recording results. Mobilizations and positional distraction are advocated for treating restricted range, and the neurophysiological and mechanical effects are explained along with their indications and contraindications. Pain is presented as a misleading symptom that cannot be relied upon to monitor the results of treatment. The author considers that exercise routines have no place in the treatment of spinal dysfunction, although selected exercises may be given for the patient's particular requirements. Walking is advocated to maintain mobility and function, but running, cycling, and swimming are generally discouraged.