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Updated: Aug 19, 2026

Preoxygenation Techniques for Tracheal Intubation in Critically Ill Adults Utilizing Oxygen Mask and Noninvasive Ventilation
Published on: December 5, 2025
Clinical review: Noninvasive ventilation in the clinical setting--experience from the past 10 years
Massimo Antonelli1, Mariano Alberto Pennisi, Luca Montini
1Unità Operativa di Rianimazione e Terapia Intensiva, Istituto di Anestesia e Rianimazione, Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy. m.antonelli@rm.unicatt.it
Abstract:
This brief review analyses the progress of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) over the last decade. NIV has gained the dignity of first line intervention for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, assuring reduction of the intubation rate, rate of infection and mortality. Despite positive results, NIV still remains controversial as a treatment for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, largely due to the different pathophysiology of hypoxemia. The infection rate reduction effect achieved by NIV application is crucial for immunocompromised patients for whom the endotracheal intubation represents a high risk. Improvements in skills acquired with experience over time progressively allowed successful treatment of more severe patients.
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