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Mast cell tryptase: a new biomarker in patients with stable coronary artery disease

Efthymios N Deliargyris1, Bharathi Upadhya, David C Sane

  • 1Cardiology Section, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1045, USA.

Atherosclerosis
|February 8, 2005
PubMed

Insights

Elevated mast cell tryptase levels indicate a higher risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). This finding suggests tryptase could be a valuable biomarker for identifying patients with asymptomatic CAD.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Immunology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Mast cells contribute to inflammation in atherosclerotic plaques.
  • Pro-inflammatory substances released by mast cells play a role in disease progression.
  • Mast cell tryptase is a key enzyme released by mast cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate mast cell tryptase as a potential biomarker for stable coronary artery disease (CAD).
  • To determine if elevated serum tryptase levels correlate with the presence and severity of CAD.

Main Methods:

  • Serum tryptase levels were measured in 102 patients undergoing cardiac catheterization.
  • Patients were categorized based on the degree of coronary artery stenosis.
  • Statistical analyses, including multivariate regression, were used to assess the association between tryptase and CAD.

Main Results:

  • Patients with significant CAD (≥50% stenosis) exhibited significantly higher serum tryptase levels compared to those with normal or non-significant CAD.
  • The highest quartile of tryptase levels was associated with a 4.3-fold increased risk of CAD.
  • Tryptase remained an independent predictor of CAD, alongside age, in multivariate analysis.

Conclusions:

  • High circulating tryptase levels may reflect chronic inflammation in atherosclerotic plaques.
  • Tryptase measurement shows promise as a novel biomarker for identifying asymptomatic CAD patients.
  • Tryptase could potentially serve as a biomarker for assessing therapeutic efficacy in CAD management.

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