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Related Experiment Videos

Reduced bone density in children on long-term warfarin.

Chris Barnes1, Fiona Newall, Vera Ignjatovic

  • 1Department of Haematology, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.

Pediatric Research
|February 8, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Children on long-term warfarin, a vitamin K antagonist, show significantly reduced bone density. Early screening for bone density issues in these children is recommended to prevent future osteoporosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology
  • Bone Metabolism

Background:

  • Vitamin K is crucial for bone density development in children and preventing osteoporosis later in life.
  • Warfarin, a vitamin K antagonist, is increasingly prescribed for pediatric patients.
  • The long-term impact of warfarin on pediatric bone density remains largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the long-term effects of warfarin on bone mineral density in children.
  • To compare bone density in children using long-term warfarin with a control group.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study surveyed bone density in children on long-term warfarin (n=17) versus controls (n=321).
  • Bone mineral apparent density (BMAD) and areal bone mineral density Z-scores of the lumbar spine were measured.

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  • Statistical analysis included adjustments for age and body size.

    • Main Results:

    • Children on long-term warfarin exhibited a significant reduction in lumbar spine bone mineral apparent density (0.10 g/cm3 vs 0.12 g/cm3, p<0.001).
    • Lumbar spine areal bone mineral density Z-scores were also significantly lower in the warfarin group (-1.96 vs controls).
    • These differences persisted after adjusting for age and body size.

    Conclusions:

    • Long-term warfarin use in children is associated with significantly reduced bone density.
    • The etiology of reduced bone density in these patients is likely multifactorial.
    • Routine screening for reduced bone density should be considered in children receiving long-term warfarin therapy.