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Breakup of shells under explosion and impact.

F K Wittel1, F Kun, H J Herrmann

  • 1Institute for Statics and Dynamics of Aerospace Structures, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 27, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|February 9, 2005
PubMed
Summary

This study investigates eggshell fragmentation using experiments and discrete element modeling. Results show power law distributions in fragment sizes, indicating a unique universality class for shell fragmentation.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Physics
  • Computational Mechanics

Background:

  • Fragmentation of brittle shells is complex.
  • Understanding shell failure under impact and explosion is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically and experimentally study the fragmentation of closed thin shells made of disordered brittle materials.
  • To investigate the underlying mechanisms and universality classes of shell fragmentation.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental analysis of eggshell fragmentation under impact and explosion.
  • Development of a three-dimensional discrete element model for simulations.
  • Molecular dynamics simulations of impact and explosion loading scenarios.

Main Results:

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  • Observed power law fragment size distributions for both impact and explosion.
  • Simulations showed good agreement with experimental fragment size distributions.
  • Identified underlying phase transitions as the cause of power law distributions (abrupt for explosion, continuous for impact).

Conclusions:

  • Fragment size distribution in closed shells follows a power law.
  • Shell fragmentation represents a distinct universality class compared to bulk systems.
  • The study provides insights into the mechanics of brittle shell failure.