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Peritoneal biphasic mesothelioma in a dog
1Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-8510, Japan. t-sato@brs.nihon-u.ac.jp
Summary
A German shepherd dog developed severe abdominal distension due to biphasic mesothelioma, a rare cancer originating in the peritoneum. This tumor presented as a firm mass with widespread metastases, highlighting the aggressive nature of canine peritoneal mesothelioma.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Pathology
- Canine Oncology
- Surgical Pathology
Background:
- Mesothelioma is a rare neoplasm arising from mesothelial cells lining body cavities.
- Canine mesotheliomas can be classified as epithelial, biphasic, or sarcomatous.
- Peritoneal mesotheliomas are less common than pleural mesotheliomas in dogs.
Observation:
- A 10-year-old German shepherd presented with marked abdominal distension.
- Necropsy revealed a firm, whitish mesenteric mass with pericardial and pleural metastases.
- Histopathology showed a biphasic tumor with positive staining for cytokeratin, vimentin, and WT1 protein.
Findings:
- The tumor exhibited a biphasic histological pattern.
- Immunohistochemistry confirmed the mesothelial origin with reactivity for cytokeratin, vimentin, and Wilms' tumour 1 protein.
- Ultrastructural analysis demonstrated features consistent with mesothelial differentiation, including microvilli, rough endoplasmic reticulum, desmosomes, and microfilaments.
Implications:
- This case contributes to the understanding of biphasic peritoneal mesothelioma in dogs.
- The findings emphasize the importance of immunohistochemistry and ultrastructural examination for accurate diagnosis.
- Early recognition and diagnosis are crucial for managing canine peritoneal mesothelioma, although prognosis remains guarded.