Cavitation bubble-driven cell and particle behavior in an ultrasound standing wave

Larisa A Kuznetsova1, Sanjay Khanna, Nazar N Amso

  • 1School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3TL, United Kingdom. kuznetsoval@cardiff.ac.uk

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While deriving the Doppler formula for the observed frequency of a sound wave, it is assumed that the speed of sound in the medium is greater than the source's speed through it. When this condition is breached, a shock wave occurs.
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Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

Standing Waves in a Cavity

A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
Modes of Standing Waves: II01:04

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