Role of the DAZ genes in male fertility

Males contribute to about 50% of infertility in humans and Y chromosome deletions are the major known genetic contribution to this. Amongst the genes encompassed by these deletions are the DAZ genes. The DAZ family of genes (consisting of homologues of BOULE, DAZL and DAZ) encode highly conserved RNA-binding proteins that are essential for gametogenesis in metazoans. They join the ranks of proteins that act to control this complex developmental process by regulating the translation of specific mRNAs. Advances in knowledge of how this gene family acts to regulate key meiotic events in model organisms will lead to a fuller understanding of their function in human fertility.