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Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
Aharon Abbo1, Shiri Navon-Venezia, Orly Hammer-Muntz
1Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv 64239, Israel.
Emerging Infectious Diseases
|February 12, 2005
Summary
Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR A. baumannii) epidemiology is complex. Male sex, cardiovascular disease, and mechanical ventilation are key risk factors for MDR A. baumannii infections.
Area of Science:
- Medical Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases Epidemiology
Background:
- Acinetobacter baumannii is a significant cause of hospital-acquired infections.
- The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains poses a major public health threat.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the epidemiology of MDR Acinetobacter baumannii.
- To identify individual risk factors associated with MDR A. baumannii infections.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective matched case-control study involving 118 patients with MDR A. baumannii.
- Organism typing performed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).
- Multivariate analysis to determine risk factors.
Main Results:
- Epidemiologic investigation revealed small patient clusters without a common source.
- Ten distinct PFGE clones were identified, with two dominating.
- Significant risk factors included male sex, cardiovascular disease, mechanical ventilation, and prior antimicrobial treatment (especially metronidazole).
- Penicillin treatment showed a protective effect.
Conclusions:
- The epidemiology of MDR A. baumannii is complex, characterized by diverse clones and varied susceptibility patterns.
- Specific patient characteristics and treatments are associated with increased risk of MDR A. baumannii.
- Understanding these factors is crucial for effective control strategies against MDR A. baumannii emergence.