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Updated: Aug 19, 2026

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Adsorption thermodynamic, kinetic and desorption studies of Pb2+ on carbon nanotubes
Yan-Hui Li1, Zechao Di, Jun Ding
1Advanced Materials, School of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, the University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK. yanhui.li@nottingham.ac.uk
Abstract:
Adsorption thermodynamics of Pb2+ on carbon nanotubes has been studied at various temperatures of 280, 298 and 321 K and the thermodynamic parameters, such as equilibrium constant (K0), standard free energy changes (DeltaG0), standard enthalpy change (DeltaH0) and standard entropy change (DeltaS0), have been obtained. A pseudo-second-order rate model has been employed to describe the kinetic adsorption processes. Desorption studies reveal that Pb2+ can be easily removed from carbon nanotubes by altering the pH values of the solution using both HCl and HNO3, indicating that carbon nanotubes are a promising absorbent for wastewater treatment.
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